Textile Artists & 3D Textile Art
A red thread cascades in colossal towers. Rope
art that spans multiple rooms. Embroidery and weaving aren't the only forms of textile
art. We'll look at 3D textile art and artists in this course.
What is 3D
Textile Art, and how does it work?
What comes to mind when you
hear the words "textile art"? Quilts and coverlets,
embroideries, rugs, and tapestries, for example? Although those are examples of
textile art, some artists have gone beyond flat surfaces and home furnishings
to create artwork that fills spaces, hangs from ceilings, and looms above
viewers.
Many of these works are
accessible by walking around them and, in some cases, standing inside of them.
These artists work with textiles in three dimensions.
To begin, a definition:
textile art is any form of artistic creation made with textile fibers such as
cotton, wool, hemp, silk, or even synthetics such as polyester and nylon. 3D
textile art is when an artist creates a piece that extends into space, away
from a wall or up from the floor.
Textile art has a long
history, but with the rise of feminism in the 1960s and the establishment of
new art program dedicated to women (particularly in California), some
artists began to use textile fibers in radically new ways, which had previously
been associated with stereotypical women's work such as sewing and knitting.
Let's have a look at the work of a few artists now.
Artists who work
with 3D textiles
Claire Zeisler (1903-1991)
was a pioneer of 3D textile art in the United States. She trained in Chicago
with modern artists Alexander Archipenko and László Moholy-Nagy early in her
career. While she began working with textiles by weaving on a loom, she quickly
moved away from tradition and into three dimensions.
Her creations are large and
freestanding, with some fashioned of knotted and braided threads. You are free
to stroll around them. Red Preview, from 1969, is an excellent example. Color,
texture, and mass are all important in this eight-foot tall cascading mass of
bright red jute strands.
Faith Wilding was born in Paraguay in 1943 and eventually
immigrated to the United States. She is a multidisciplinary feminist artist who
works in a range of media, including textiles.
The Womb Room, which she developed in 1972, was a
seminal work in the creation of 3D textile art. It surrounds and envelops you
as you enter the area, made completely of crocheted knots. The rope webbing is
both organic and creepy, and it resembles a massive spider web.
Magdalena
Abakanowicz (1930–) was a Polish
artist known in the 1960s for her rough-textured burlap sculptures resembling
human shapes. They lack faces and personalities, but they do exhibit basic human
characteristics.
Abakanowicz's massive
hanging textile sculptures, known as Abakans, are woven on metal frames and
made of sisal, a natural fiber, and she has also constructed rope sculptures
that span across rooms.
From 1934 through, Sheila
Hicks was an American artist who lived and worked in France. Early in her
career, she studied fabrics and fibers in South America, and her fiber sculptures incorporate a variety of textile materials. She also employs unusual
materials like porcupine quills and rubber bands..
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